Sexual health interventions for women and girls with FGM experiencing sexual dysfunction.

Research question 9: Among women and girls who have undergone any type of FGM and who are experiencing sexual dysfunction, vulvodynia and/or clitoral pain, low self-esteem and negative body image, do sexual health interventions (e.g. sexual health counselling/physical therapy/psychotherapy), versus no intervention, lead to improved sexual health outcomes, psychosexual functioning and/or improved quality of life?
GRADE Table WB.9

Research Question 10: Among women and girls who have undergone any type of FGM and who are experiencing sexual dysfunction, vulvodynia and/or clitoral pain, low self-esteem and negative body image, does clitoral reconstructive surgery, versus no intervention or sexual health counselling/physical therapy/psychotherapy, lead to improvements in vulvar or clitoral pain, sexual function, body image and/or quality of life?


Sexual health interventions for women and girls with FGM experiencing sexual dysfunction.




Implementation of this recommendation needs to be in the context of multidisciplinary management of women living with FGM, and in conjunction with psychosocial support and a biopsycho-social and relational approach to sexual health.


Implementation considerations


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Recommendation 2: In addition to training, health workers should have access to capacity-building resources including information, education and communication (IEC) materials and job aids, e.g. clinical guides, handbooks, algorithms, flow charts, anatomical models and other digital/print resources explaining the types of FGM, the associated complications and their management.

Focusing particularly on countries where there is a high prevalence of FGM.

Scaling up cost-effective, evidence-based strategies.